What is Verified Gross Mass (VGM)?

The Verified Gross Mass (VGM) of a shipping container is the total weight, including:

• The container's tare weight
• The weight of the cargo inside
• The weight of packaging materials
• The weight of any loading equipment secured inside the container

Importantly, VGM is not simply the estimated cargo weight or the weight listed on the Bill of Lading; it must be accurately verified before shipping.

Why is VGM Important?

VGM ensures the safe stacking of containers, proper ship stability, and the prevention of accidents at sea and ports. Without a declared VGM, a container cannot be loaded onto a ship, leading to costly delays and logistical complications.

Methods for Calculating Verified Gross Mass

There are two acceptable methods to determine VGM:

1. Weighing the packed container: After sealing, the entire packed container is weighed using calibrated equipment.
2. Calculating weight components: Each item, including packaging materials and loading aids, is weighed individually. The weights are then added to the container's tare weight.

Estimation is not permitted. All weighing equipment must meet national certification standards for accuracy.

The Role of SOLAS and the Shipmaster

The SOLAS amendments mandate that shippers provide the VGM to the carrier and terminal operator before container loading. The shipmaster has the final authority to refuse loading containers without a verified VGM, ensuring the vessel's safety and compliance with regulations.

Impact of VGM on the Shipping Industry

While VGM regulations have introduced additional documentation and operational procedures, they have significantly enhanced safety. VGM reduces the risk of cargo damage, ship instability, and workplace injuries. However, non-compliance can lead to:

• Shipping delays
• Heavy fines and penalties
• Operational inefficiencies

Details Required for VGM Documentation

VGM must be accurately documented and submitted, containing the following mandatory information:

• Booking or Bill of Lading (BL) Number
• Container Number
• Verified Gross Mass (VGM)
• Unit of measurement (kilograms or pounds)
• Authorised signatory (in capital letters)
• Method used for weighing (Method 1 or Method 2)

Optional information may include the responsible party's name, date of declaration, and name of the weighing party.

Contingencies for Containers Without VGM

If a container arrives at a terminal without VGM documentation, it cannot be loaded onto the ship. Terminals may provide weighing services, but the responsibility and any associated costs rest with the shipper unless otherwise agreed upon between commercial parties.